Grayscale waxa loola jeedaa fikrad muhiim ah oo loo isticmaalo in lagu matalo isbeddelka dhalaalka midabka ee habaynta sawirka. Heerarka cirridka badanaa waxay u dhexeeyaan 0 ilaa 255, halkaas oo 0 u taagan yahay madow, 255 waxay u taagan tahay caddaan, tirooyinka u dhexeeyana waxay matalaan heerar kala duwan oo cawl ah. Qiimaha sare ee cawl, ayaa sawirka sii ifaya; hoos u dhaca qiimaha cawl, waa sii madow yahay sawirka.
Qiimaha Grayscale waxaa loo muujiyaa inay yihiin isugeyn fudud, taas oo u oggolaanaysa kombuyuutarrada inay si dhakhso ah u sameeyaan go'aanno iyo hagaajin marka ay sawirayaan. Tusaalooyinka nambarada ayaa si weyn u fududeynaya kakanaanta habaynta sawirka waxayna siisaa fursadaha matalida sawirada kala duwan.
Grayscale waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa habaynta sawirada madow iyo caddaanka, laakiin sidoo kale waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa sawirada midabka. Qiimaha cabbirka cawl ee sawirka midabka waxa lagu xisaabiyaa celceliska miisaanka saddexda qaybood ee midabka RGB (cas, cagaar, iyo buluug). Celceliskan miisaanka leh wuxuu isticmaalaa saddex miisaan oo ah 0.299, 0.587, iyo 0.114, oo u dhiganta saddexda midab ee casaanka, cagaarka iyo buluugga. Habkan miisaanku wuxuu ka yimaadaa dareenka kala duwan ee isha bini'aadamka ilaa midabyo kala duwan, taas oo ka dhigaysa sawirka la beddelay si waafaqsan sifooyinka muuqaalka ee isha bini'aadamka.
Miisaanka muraayadda LED
Muujinta LED waa qalab bandhig oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo xayaysiinta, madadaalada, gaadiidka iyo goobaha kale. Saameynteedu waxay si toos ah ula xiriirtaa khibradda isticmaale iyo saameynta gudbinta macluumaadka. Muujinta LED-ka, fikradda cabbirka cawl ayaa si gaar ah muhiim u ah sababtoo ah waxay si toos ah u saameyneysaa waxqabadka midabka iyo tayada sawirka.
Miisaanka cawliga ee bandhiga LED waxa loola jeedaa waxqabadka hal pixel LED oo heerar dhalaal oo kala duwan ah. Qiimaha kala duwan ee cawl waxay la xiriiraan heerarka dhalaalka ee kala duwan. Markasta oo uu sareeyo heerka cawl, ayaa ka sii hodansan midabka iyo faahfaahinta ay muujintu muujin karto.
Tusaale ahaan, nidaamka 8-bit ee cawl wuxuu bixin karaa 256 heerar cawl, halka nidaamka 12-bit ee cawl uu bixin karo 4096 heerar cawl. Sidaa darteed, heerar sare oo cawl ah ayaa ka dhigi kara bandhigga LED-ka inuu muujiyo sawirro dabiici ah oo jilicsan oo dheeraad ah.
Bandhigyada LED-ka, hirgelinta cabbirka cawl waxay inta badan ku tiirsan tahay tignoolajiyada PWM (qaababka ballaca garaaca wadnaha). PWM waxay maamushaa dhalaalka LED-ka iyadoo hagaajinaysa saamiga wakhtiga shid iyo bakhtiinta si loo gaadho heerar kala duwan oo cawl ah. Habkani ma aha oo kaliya inuu si sax ah u xakameeyo dhalaalka, laakiin sidoo kale si wax ku ool ah u yareeyo isticmaalka tamarta. Iyada oo loo marayo tignoolajiyada PWM, bandhigyada LED waxay gaari karaan isbeddello qani ah oo cawl ah iyadoo la ilaalinayo dhalaalka sare, taas oo bixisa saameyn muuqaal muuqaal ah oo jilicsan.
Cawlan
Cabbirka darajada cawl waxa loola jeedaa tirada heerarka cawl, taas oo ah, tirada heerarka dhalaalka ee kala duwan ee uu soo bandhiggu muujin karo. Markasta oo uu sareeyo cabirka cawliga, ayaa hodan ku ah waxqabadka midabka bandhigga iyo tafaasiisha sawirka. Heerka darajada cawl waxay si toos ah u saamaysaa dherjinta midabka iyo isbarbardhigga bandhigga, taas oo saamaynaysa guud ahaan saamaynta bandhigga.
8-bit oo cawl ah
Nidaamka 8-bit ee cawl wuxuu ku siin karaa 256 heerar cawl (2 ilaa 8th power), taas oo ah heerka ugu caansan ee cawl ee bandhigyada LED. In kasta oo 256 heerar cawl ah ay dabooli karaan baahiyaha bandhigga guud, qaar ka mid ah codsiyada dhamaadka-sare, 8-bit grayscale waxa laga yaabaa inaanay jilicsanayn, gaar ahaan marka la soo bandhigo sawirro firfircoon oo sarreeya (HDR).
10-bit oo cawl ah
Nidaamka 10-bit ee cawl wuxuu ku siin karaa 1024 heerar cawl (2 ilaa 10th quwada), kaas oo aad u jilicsan oo leh isbeddel midab ka fudud marka loo eego 8-bit grayscale. Nidaamyada cawlan ee 10-bit ah ayaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa qaar ka mid ah codsiyada bandhigyada heer-sare ah, sida sawir-qaadista caafimaadka, sawir-qaadista xirfad-yaqaanka ah, iyo soo-saarka fiidyowga.
12-bit oo cawl ah
Nidaamka 12-bit ee cawl wuxuu ku siin karaa 4096 heerar cawl (2 ilaa 12th power), kaas oo ah heer cawl aad u sarreeya oo bixin kara waxqabad muuqaal aad u jilicsan. Nidaamka 12-bit ee cawl waxaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa qaar ka mid ah codsiyada bandhiga aadka u baahan, sida hawada sare, la socodka ciidamada iyo meelo kale.
Shaashadaha LED-yada, waxqabadka cawlku kuma xirna oo kaliya taageerada qalabka, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu u baahan yahay iskaashiga algorithms software. Iyada oo loo marayo algorithms farsamaynta sawirada sare, waxqabadka cawl ayaa la sii wanaajin karaa, si muraayadda bandhiggu si sax ah u soo celin karto goobta dhabta ah ee heerka sare ee cawl.
Gabagabo
Grayscale waa fikrad muhiim ah oo ku saabsan habaynta sawirka iyo tignoolajiyada soo bandhigida, iyo codsigeeda muraayadaha LED-ka ayaa si gaar ah muhiim u ah. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo xakamaynta wax ku oolka ah iyo muujinta cabbirka cawl, muraayadaha bandhiga LED waxay ku siin karaan midabyo qani ah iyo sawirro jilicsan, taas oo kor u qaadeysa khibradda aragga ee isticmaalaha. Codsiyada wax ku oolka ah, xulashada heerarka kala duwan ee cawl waxay u baahan yihiin in la go'aamiyo iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha isticmaalka gaarka ah iyo xaaladaha codsiga si loo gaaro saameynta bandhigga ugu fiican.
Hirgelinta cabbirka cawliga ee shaashadaha soo bandhiga LED waxay inta badan ku tiirsan tahay tignoolajiyada PWM, taas oo xakamaysa iftiinka LED-yada iyadoo la hagaajinayo saamiga wakhtiga beddelka LED-yada si loo gaaro heerar kala duwan oo cawl ah. Heerka cawl wuxuu si toos ah u saameeyaa waxqabadka midabka iyo tayada sawirka shaashadda. Laga soo bilaabo 8-bit cawl ilaa 12-bit grayscale, codsiga heerarka kala duwan ee cawl waxa ay buuxinaysaa baahiyaha bandhiga ee heerar kala duwan.
Guud ahaan, horumarka joogtada ah iyo horumarka tignoolajiyada cabbirka cawl ayaa siinaya mid ballaadhancodsi rajada muraayadaha LED-ka. Mustaqbalka, iyada oo la sii wanaajinayo tignoolajiyada farsamaynta sawirka iyo hagaajinta joogtada ah ee waxqabadka qalabka, waxqabadka cawlan ee shaashadaha bandhiga LED ayaa noqon doona mid aad u fiican, taas oo keenaysa dadka isticmaala khibrad muuqaal ah oo naxdin leh. Sidaa darteed, marka la dooranayo oo la isticmaalayo muraayadaha LED-yada, faham qoto dheer iyo codsi macquul ah ee tiknoolajiyada cawl waxay noqon doontaa furaha hagaajinta saameynta bandhigga.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-09-2024
